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Hallux Valgus: A Comprehensive Review of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Female sex, age, family history, flat feet (pes planus), and chronic wearing of narrow-toed, high-heeled shoes. Download Hallux valgus pdf

The etiology of hallux valgus is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, structural anatomical issues, and environmental factors (footwear). The pathology involves a lateral deviation of the

Hallux valgus, often referred to as a bunion, is a prevalent forefoot deformity, affecting 23% to 35% of the population, with a higher incidence in women. The pathology involves a lateral deviation of the hallux and medial deviation of the first metatarsal, leading to a prominent bursa on the medial aspect of the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. While pain is the primary driver for seeking care, many patients also report cosmetic concerns and difficulty with footwear. 2. Etiology and Pathogenesis Etiology and Pathogenesis