: This study found that 83% of a sample of transgender women had smoked in the past month, often as a way to cope with discrimination and minority stress.
Several academic papers examine smoking patterns among transgender women (often referred to as male-to-female or MTF), highlighting that this population is significantly more likely to smoke than cisgender individuals. Key research papers include: find she males smoking
: This research specifically links factors like structural discrimination and sex work to increased smoking rates among transgender women. Common Findings in the Literature: : This study found that 83% of a
: A qualitative study using "photovoice" (where participants take photos of their daily lives) to identify six major themes for smoking, including gender affirmation and the experience of stress . find she males smoking