Explain how both thinkers use the concept of a social contract—a voluntary agreement among individuals to create a sovereign power.
If you'd prefer a different focus, you can use these themes from Jonathan Wolff's work : An Introduction to Political Philosophy by Jonathan Wolff
Use Wolff’s analysis to highlight the problem of political obligation . Do we actually consent? Wolff discusses "tacit consent" (consenting by staying in a country) and "hypothetical consent" (what we would do if we were rational), noting that both are philosophically controversial. 4. The Utilitarian Alternative Introduction to Political Philosophy- Jonathan ...
Mention a common critique Wolff explores—that pure utilitarianism might allow for the sacrifice of innocent individuals for the "greater good". 5. Conclusion
Compare the "State of Nature" theories of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke. Does Wolff’s analysis suggest we have a moral obligation to obey the state? 1. Introduction Explain how both thinkers use the concept of
Describe Hobbes’s view of a "war of all against all," where life is "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" due to scarcity and fear.
Briefly touch upon the utilitarian argument mentioned by Wolff: the state is justified because it promotes the "greatest happiness for the greatest number" more effectively than anarchy. Wolff discusses "tacit consent" (consenting by staying in
While Hobbes and Locke offer vastly different visions of human life without government (the "State of Nature"), both ultimately conclude that a centralized state is necessary to ensure human flourishing, though they differ on the legitimate extent of that state's power. 2. The State of Nature: Hobbes vs. Locke
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