: The teaching aligns with the broader theological view that Ishmael was a "son of the flesh" (born of human effort through Hagar), while Isaac was the "son of the promise" (born through divine intervention). Broader Biblical Context
: Suleman points to Genesis 22:2 , where God tells Abraham, "Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac". He argues that if Ishmael were recognized as Abraham’s son by God, this phrasing would be inaccurate. : The teaching aligns with the broader theological
: In mainstream theology, the distinction is usually made between legitimacy in the covenant rather than biological paternity. where God tells Abraham