Defines the numerical context of relationships, such as One-to-One (1:1), One-to-Many (1:N), or Many-to-Many (M:N). The Three Levels of Data Modelling
Introduces specific attributes, primary keys, and foreign keys, mapping out operational data rules without being database-specific.
Provides enough detail for database developers to build the actual system, including technical data types. Benefits of Entity-Relationship Modeling What is an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD)? - Lucidchart
Countable objects, concepts, or events, such as Customer , Product , or Order .
The associations between entities, such as a Customer "places" an Order .