: One of the most controversial and cited points in the book is that forgiveness is not mandatory for healing. Canales argues that forcing victims to forgive can be another form of trauma, and that validating anger and setting boundaries is often the more crucial step toward recovery. Critical Reception
: A notable contribution is Canales’ analysis of "modern" toxic parents—those who are neglectful or overly permissive because they fear setting limits, which he argues creates "child tyrants".
: Canales posits that parents plant seeds in their children; while healthy families plant seeds of respect and love, toxic ones plant fear, guilt, and self-punishment .
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Category
Grade
Points
Strenuousness
Vertical Gain
25
Time ascending
0
Technicality
Altitude
0
Hazards
Navigation
Totals
25/100
GRADES range from A (very difficult) to D (easy). Hazards include exposure to avalanche and fall risk. More details here. Rating rubric adapted from Hokkaido Yukiyama Guidebook 北海道雪山ガイド.