: Beyond official state-to-state diplomacy, there are transgovernmental ties between bureaucrats and transnational links between corporations and NGOs.
: Among modern, industrialised democracies, the cost of using force is high and its utility for solving economic or ecological problems is low. II. Power in an Interdependent World Power & Interdependence
These institutions help and make cooperation more predictable. : Beyond official state-to-state diplomacy