: The Secure Boot feature verifies digital signatures for bootloaders and drivers, preventing rootkits and unauthorized code from executing during startup.

: Many UEFI implementations offer a graphical interface with mouse support and advanced diagnostics, a major step up from the text-only BIOS menus. How the UEFI Boot Process Works

The shift from BIOS to UEFI introduced several critical improvements:

: While BIOS is limited to the Master Boot Record (MBR) scheme (maxing out at 2TB and 4 primary partitions), UEFI uses the GUID Partition Table (GPT) to support drives up to 9.4 zettabytes and up to 128 partitions.

Unlike BIOS, which simply executes code in a disk's first sector, UEFI understands filesystems (primarily FAT32) and searches for specific files: UEFI boot explained (for Linux users)