If you are following the major "Mytharc" (the alien conspiracy), you might consider these points before watching:
: The investigation leads to the discovery of a golem —a creature from Jewish folklore made of mud and brought to life through mystical rituals to protect or avenge.
: The episode is praised for its authentic portrayal of Hasidic Jewish culture and its use of the golem myth, which remains one of the more unique supernatural entities in the series.
: Although "Kaddish" is a standalone case, it takes place immediately after Scully learns she has inoperable cancer in. Critics note that the episode’s heavy focus on death and the "post-mortem justice" mirrors the internal gravity of the agents' personal lives at this point in the season.